In the Greek is where we find the etymological origin of the word that we will now analyze in depth. Thus, we come across the fact that photosynthesis is the result of the sum of three defined parts: photo, which is synonymous with "light"; syn, which is equivalent to "with", and thesis, which can be defined as "conclusion or position".
The photosynthesis is a metabolic process that carry out some cells of autotrophic organisms for synthesize organic substances from other inorganic substances . To develop this process the Energy bright in stable chemical energy .
He adenosine triphosphate (ATP) it's the first molecule in which said chemical energy is stored. In the continuity of photosynthesis, ATP is used to synthesize other organic molecules.
Specifically, this process is carried out by living beings that are largely made up of chlorophyll. Hence we can establish that photosynthesis is carried out by algae, bacteria and plants of different types.
Basically we could say that this process is made up of two perfectly differentiated phases:
• Primary phase. As a light, this stage is also known, which is what the chemical reactions mentioned above would take place thanks to both chlorophyll and sunlight.
• Secondary phase. This is also called the dark phase and consists of the production of compounds formed by hydrogen, carbon and oxygen. It is carried out thanks to the fact that, without the need for sunlight, the hydrogen obtained in the previous stage is added to carbon dioxide and that is how those compounds are produced.
Photosynthesis is essential for life on our planet since, starting from the light and inorganic matter, manages to synthesize organic matter. The process allows setting the carbon dioxide (CO2) of the atmosphere and release oxygen (O2) .
Photosynthesis is also very important in our lives because through it the perfect balance between heterotrophic and autotrophic beings is achieved, oxygen is released and it is the key to the existence of the diversity of life on Earth.
The chloroplasts found in photosynthetic eukaryotic cells are the organelles that allow the development of photosynthesis. They are wrapped by two membranes and have vesicles known as thylakoids , where the molecules and pigments that convert light energy into chemical energy are housed. One of these pigments is the chlorophyll .
Among the external factors that influence photosynthesis are temperature, light intensity, lighting time, water shortage and the concentration of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the air.
Scientists have been working for decades in the artificial photosynthesis which would allow the controlled reproduction of the process to capture solar energy on a large scale and transform it into chemical energy. Although the objective has not yet been met, the scientific community believes that it can be achieved in the future given the progress of research.
