Symmetry , from Latin symmetry, is the exact correspondence in size, shape and position of the parts of a whole . An example of symmetry is Vitrubio's man of Leonardo da Vinci , a work that represents a perfectly symmetrical human body.
Within the scope of the drawing we find the fact that there are five clearly established types of symmetry:
Rotation It is the turn that every motive experiences in a repetitive way until it ends getting the identical position it had at the beginning.
Of dejection. In this case, what is achieved is two identical parts of a specific object after a 180º rotation of one with respect to the other.
Of translation. This is the term used to refer to the set of repetitions that an object carries out at an always identical distance from the axis and during a line that can be placed in any position.
Of extension. It is used to make it clear that two parts of a whole are similar and that they have the same shape but not an equal size.
Bilateral. It is the one that allows a bilateral portrait to be obtained that has an axis of symmetry as a backbone. On the sides of it appear equal forms at the same distance from him that will be those that allow to create that portrait.
For the biology , symmetry is the ideal correspondence in the body of an animal or a plan with respect to a center, a plane or an axis. According to this correspondence, the organs or equivalent parts in a certain order.
Most multicellular organisms exhibit some type of symmetry. The radial symmetry It is defined by a heteropolar axis (which presents differences in its two extremes) from which the main planes of symmetry are established. The bilateral symmetry It is more frequent, since it defines a body axis according to the direction of movement. This allows the establishment of a centralized nervous system and cephalization.
The geometry points out that symmetry is the exact correspondence in the arrangement of the points or parts of a body or figure with respect to a center, axis or plane. This symmetry can be spherical (exists under any possible rotation), axial (when there is an axis that does not lead to any change of position in the space with the turns around it) or reflective (defined by the existence of a single plane).
Within the field of chemistry, the term symmetry is also used to formulate and develop their corresponding theories, studies and research.
And all this without forgetting that in music, in the same way, there is talk of symmetry to refer to what are the structures that have the different compositions that have been created by the artists.
The molecular symmetry Finally, it is a concept of chemistry which allows to predict or explain certain properties of a molecule from its symmetry.
